1 Kings 10:2

Authorized King James Version

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And she came to Jerusalem with a very great train, with camels that bare spices, and very much gold, and precious stones: and when she was come to Solomon, she communed with him of all that was in her heart.

Original Language Analysis

וַתָּבֹא֙ And she came H935
וַתָּבֹא֙ And she came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 1 of 24
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
יְרֽוּשָׁלְַ֗מָה to Jerusalem H3389
יְרֽוּשָׁלְַ֗מָה to Jerusalem
Strong's: H3389
Word #: 2 of 24
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
בְּחַיִל֮ train H2428
בְּחַיִל֮ train
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 3 of 24
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
כָּבֵ֣ד great H3515
כָּבֵ֣ד great
Strong's: H3515
Word #: 4 of 24
heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)
מְאֹ֖ד and very H3966
מְאֹ֖ד and very
Strong's: H3966
Word #: 5 of 24
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
גְּ֠מַלִּים with camels H1581
גְּ֠מַלִּים with camels
Strong's: H1581
Word #: 6 of 24
a camel
נֹֽשְׂאִ֨ים that bare H5375
נֹֽשְׂאִ֨ים that bare
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 7 of 24
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
בְּשָׂמִ֧ים spices H1314
בְּשָׂמִ֧ים spices
Strong's: H1314
Word #: 8 of 24
fragrance; by implication, spicery; also the balsam plant
וְזָהָ֛ב gold H2091
וְזָהָ֛ב gold
Strong's: H2091
Word #: 9 of 24
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
רַב much H7227
רַב much
Strong's: H7227
Word #: 10 of 24
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
מְאֹ֖ד and very H3966
מְאֹ֖ד and very
Strong's: H3966
Word #: 11 of 24
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
וְאֶ֣בֶן stones H68
וְאֶ֣בֶן stones
Strong's: H68
Word #: 12 of 24
a stone
יְקָרָ֑ה and precious H3368
יְקָרָ֑ה and precious
Strong's: H3368
Word #: 13 of 24
valuable (objectively or subjectively)
וַתָּבֹא֙ And she came H935
וַתָּבֹא֙ And she came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 14 of 24
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 15 of 24
near, with or among; often in general, to
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה to Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה to Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 16 of 24
shelomah, david's successor
וַתְּדַבֵּ֣ר she communed H1696
וַתְּדַבֵּ֣ר she communed
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 17 of 24
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
אֵלָ֔יו H413
אֵלָ֔יו
Strong's: H413
Word #: 18 of 24
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֵ֛ת H853
אֵ֛ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 19 of 24
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 20 of 24
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 21 of 24
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הָיָ֖ה H1961
הָיָ֖ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 22 of 24
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 23 of 24
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
לְבָבָֽהּ׃ with him of all that was in her heart H3824
לְבָבָֽהּ׃ with him of all that was in her heart
Strong's: H3824
Word #: 24 of 24
the heart (as the most interior organ)

Analysis & Commentary

And she came to Jerusalem with a very great train, with camels that bare spices, and very much gold, and precious stones: and when she was come to Solomon, she communed with him of all that was in her heart.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of queen of sheba and solomon's wealth, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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